Inclusive Education: A Systematic Review of Special Education in the Philippines

Authors

Keywords:

special education, inclusive education, Philippines, legal frameworks, Department of Education

Abstract

This systematic review examines the state of special education in the Philippines, focusing on legal frameworks, Department of Education (DepEd) policies, and associated challenges. Despite strong legal mandates, implementation gaps persist, particularly in resource allocation and infrastructure. Inadequate teacher training and limited stakeholder engagement further hinder inclusive education efforts. The review identifies key challenges, including the shortage of SPED centers and trained teachers, infrastructure deficiencies, and insufficient support systems. Findings underscore the need for improved policy implementation, comprehensive teacher training, and enhanced stakeholder collaboration. Addressing these challenges is crucial to create inclusive learning environments for students with disabilities. Policymakers, educators, and stakeholders must work together to overcome barriers and ensure equitable access to quality education for all learners, aligning with international standards and constitutional mandates.

References

Blackman, S., & Mahon, E. (2016). Understanding teachers' perspectives of factors that influence parental involvement practices in special education in B arbados. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 16(4), 264-271.

Costello, S., & Boyle, C. (2013). Pre-service secondary teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education. Australian Journal of Teacher Education (Online), 38(4), 129-143.

Department of Education. (2000). DepEd Order No. 11, s. 2000. Recognized Special Education (SPED) Centers In The Philippines. https://www.deped.gov.ph/2000/02/11/do-11-s-2000-recognized-special-education-sped-centers-in-the-philippines/

Department of Education. (2006). DepEd Order No. 6, s. 2006. Policies And Guidelines For Special Education At The Secondary Level. https://www.deped.gov.ph/2006/01/31/do-6-s-2006-policies-and-guidelines-for-special-education-at-the-secondary-level/

Department of Education. (2013). DepEd Order No. 43, s. 2013. Implementing Rules And Regulations (Irr) Of Republic Act No. 10533 Otherwise Known As The Enhanced Basic Education Act Of 2013. https://www.deped.gov.ph/2013/09/24/do-43-s-2013-implementing-rules-and-regulations-irr-of-republic-act-no-10533-otherwise-known-as-the-enhanced-basic-education-act-of-2013/#:~:text=Act%20of%202013-,September%2024%2C%202013%20DO%2043%2C%20s.,Basic%20Education%20Act%20of%202013&text=For%20the%20information%20and%20guidance,Republic%20Act%20(RA)%20No.

Formoso, D. B. (2019). Supervision of instruction in special education in two schools in The Philippines. Elixir Social Science, 126, 52529-52533.

Gita-Carlos, R. (2022). PRRD OKs inclusive education for learners with disabilities. Philippine News Agency. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1169807

Groenewald, E., Groenewald, C. A., Cruz, R. A. D., Uy, F., Kilag, O. K., & Villaver Jr, M. (2024). Navigating Educational Leadership: Challenges, Styles, and Impacts–A Systematic Review. International Multidisciplinary Journal of Research for Innovation, Sustainability, and Excellence (IMJRISE), 1(2), 262-267.

Leal, V. G. (2022). Special Education Teachers’ Self-Efficacy During the Times of a Global Pandemic (Doctoral dissertation, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley).

Mullin, C. (2021). Teach for America Baltimore's Impact on the Experience of Special Education Corps Members and Their Students.

Niro, A. I., & Petilla, J. L. (2019, July). Stakeholder Engagement To Implement Projects Of Special Education Centers In Region I, Department Of Education, Philippines. In Proceedings of International Conference on Special Education (Vol. 3).

Republic of the Philippines. (1992). Republic Act No. 7277. An Act Providing For The Rehabilitation, Self-Development And Self-Reliance Of Disabled Person And Their Integration Into The Mainstream Of Society And For Other Purposes. https://ncda.gov.ph/disability-laws/republic-acts/republic-act-7277/

Republic of the Philippines. (2022). Republic Act No. 11650. An Act Instituting A Policy Of Inclusion And Services For Learners With Disabilities In Support Of Inclusive Education, Establishing Inclusive Learning Resource Centers Of Learners With Disabilities In All School Districts, Municipalities And Cities, Providing For Standards, Appropriating Funds Therefor, And For Other Purposes. https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2022/ra_11650_2022.html

Rojas, R. C. (2023). Effectiveness of Teacher-Made Manipulative Learning Materials in Improving the Word Recognition Skills of the Grade 2 Indigenous People Education (IPEd) Learners.

United Nations. (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights

Uy, F., Vestal, P., Villaver Jr, M., Andrin, G., Alipin, F. F. P., & Kilag, O. K. (2024). Navigating Diversity: Culturally Responsive Leadership in Diverse Educational Settings. International Multidisciplinary Journal of Research for Innovation, Sustainability, and Excellence (IMJRISE), 1(3), 164-170.

Wong, J. T., & Alcantara-Doroja, E. C. (2015, July). General Education And Special Education: Harmonization Of Inclusive Education Towards K-12 System In The Philippines. In Proceedings of International Conference on Special Education (Vol. 1).

Published

2024-07-01 — Updated on 2024-07-09

Versions

How to Cite

Kilag, O. K., Uy, F., Gier, R. A., Cabaluna , M. F., Canonigo , K., Seblos , K. ., & Doroy , E. (2024). Inclusive Education: A Systematic Review of Special Education in the Philippines. International Multidisciplinary Journal of Research for Innovation, Sustainability, and Excellence (IMJRISE), 1(7), 55-61. https://risejournals.org/index.php/imjrise/article/view/564 (Original work published 2024)