English Language Learning Anxiety and Self-Efficacy of Learners in Modular Learning

Authors

  • Jessamae C. Ducay Middle School English Teacher, Randy Smith Middle School, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA Author
  • Renith S. Guanzon Program Head, School of Graduate Studies, STI West Negros University, Philippines Author
  • Nieves H. Pepito Program Head, BA Communication, STI West Negros University, Philippines Author
  • Madeline P. Sotomil Head, Guidance Service, STI West Negros University, Philippines Author
  • Tito P. Millendez Faculty Member, STI West Negros University, Philippines Author
  • Mary Joy A. Malan Faculty Member, STI West Negros University, Philippines Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15546814

Keywords:

English Language Learning Anxiety, Self-efficacy, Modular Learning Modality, Philippines

Abstract

This study investigated the levels of English Language Learning Anxiety (ELLA) and self-efficacy among Grade 8 students engaged in modular learning. ELLA, often triggered by the fear of being corrected in front of peers, is a persistent challenge among language learners in face-to-face settings. The study sought to extend existing knowledge by examining ELLA in the context of modular learning and exploring its relationship with students’ self-efficacy. Employing a descriptive-correlational research design, the study involved 262 Grade 8 students from a national high school in Western Visayas, Central Philippines during the School Year 2021–2022. Findings revealed that students experienced a moderate level of ELLA and a low level of self-efficacy. A significant negative correlation between ELLA and self-efficacy was also observed, indicating that anxiety remains prevalent even in home-based learning and adversely affects students' confidence in their English learning abilities. These results underscore the need for strategic guidance programs aimed at reducing language anxiety and enhancing learners’ self-efficacy.

References

Ajmal M. & Ahmad S. (2019). Exploration of Anxiety Factors among Students of

Distance Learning: A Case Study of Allama Iqbal Open University. Bulletin of Education and Research August 2019, Vol. 41, No. 2 pp. 67-78

Alghamdi, A., Karpinski, A. C., Lepp, A., & Barkley, J. (2020). Online and face-

to-face classroom multitasking and academic performance: Moderated mediation with self-efficacy for self-regulated learning and gender. Computers in Human Behavior, 102, 214– 222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.018

Alsaleh, A. K. (2018). Investigating foreign language reading anxiety among

Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University and Majma’ah University English language major students. Arab World English Journal, 214, 1–58. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/th.214

Google Scholar and organizational performance: A study of private

Anwar, K., & Qadir, G. H. (2017). A Study of the Relationship between Work

Engagement and Job Satisfaction in Private Companies in Kurdistan. International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science, 3(12), 239944.

Anwar, K. (2016). Comparison between cost leadership and differentiation

strategy in agricultural businesses. Custos E Agronegocio online, 12(2), 212-231.

Anwar, K., & Ghafoor, C. (2017). Leading Construction Project Teams: The Knowledge Management.

Anwar, K., & Ghafoor, C. (2017). Knowledge management and organizational

performance: A study of private universities in Kurdistan. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 4(2), 53

Anwar, K., & Louis, R. (2017). Factors Affecting Students’ Anxiety in Language

Learning: A Study of Private Universities in Erbil, Kurdistan. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 4(3), 160

Anxiety in Language Learning: A Study of Private Universities in Erbil, Kurdistan. International Journal of Social Sciences and Educational Studies, (4)3, 160.

Bárkányi, Z. (2021). Motivation, self-efficacy beliefs, and speaking anxiety in

language MOOCs. ReCALL, 33(2), 143-160. doi:10.1017/S0958344021000033

Baş, Gökhan & Özcan, Mehmet. (2018). Foreign language learning anxiety: A

comparison between high school and university students. Journal of Human Sciences. 15. 1584. 10.14687/jhs. v15i3.4441.

Bhardwaj, Pooja. (September 1, 2019). Types of sampling in research. Journal

of the Practice of Cardiovascular Sciences. https://www.j-pcs.org/article.asp?

Bodwell, Charles & Errighi, Lorenza. (2016). Business Process Outsourcing in

the Philippines: Challenges for decent work. 10.13140/RG.2.2.13337.93287.

Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. (September 1,

2021)"percentage". Encyclopedia Britannica,.

differentiation strategy in agricultural businesses.

Custos E Donovan, L. A., MacIntyre, P. D. (2004). Age and sex differences in willingness to communicate, communication apprehension, and self- perceived competence. Communication Research Reports, 21(4), 420– 427. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824090409360006

Google Scholar

Dr Adam Lund & Mark Lund. (2018). Mann-Whitney U Test using SPSS

Statistics. Laerd Statistics. https://statistics.laerd.com/spss-tutorials/mann-whitney-u-test-using-spss-statistics.php

Dr Adam Lund & Mark Lund. (2018). Spearman's Rank-Order Correlation.

Laerd Statistics. https://statistics.laerd.com/spss-tutorials/mann-whitney-u-test- using-spss-statistics.php Effectiveness of Transformational Leadership in Dynamic

Geitz, G., Joosten-ten Brinke, D., & Kirschner, P. A. (2016). Changing learning

behaviour: Self-efficacy and goal orientation in pbl groups in higher education. International Journal of Educational Research, 75, 146–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2015.11.001

Hayes Adam. (May 23, 2021). Mean. Investopedia.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/mean.asphttps://newsinfo.inquirer.net/969318/inquiry-into-decline-of-english-skill-of-ph-students-sought#ixzz76uiKLjGr

Jafarigohar, M., Behrooznia, S. (2012). The effect of anxiety on reading

comprehension among distance EFL learners. International Education Studies, 5(2), 159–174. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v5n2p159

Google Scholar

Kock (2004). The psychobiological model: towards a new theory of computer-

mediated communication based on Darwinian evolution, Organization Science, Vol. 15, No.3, 327-348.

Law, K. M. Y. Lee, V. C. S. and Yu, Y. T. (2010). Learning motivation in e-

learning facilitated computer programming courses. Computers & Education, 55: 218-228 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2010.01.007

Lucas, et.al. (2011). English Language Learning Anxiety among Foreign

Language Learners in the Philippines. Philippine ESL Journal.

Matsuda, S., Gobel, P. (2004). Anxiety and predictors of performance in the foreign language classroom. System, 32(1), 21 36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2003.08.002

Google Scholar

Nielson, M. & Gonzalez L. (2018). Learning foreign languages at a distance.

Characteristics of effective online courses, online available from: https://www.academia.edu/ 9323865

Ozaydin Ozkara, B., & Ibili, E. (2021). Analysis of students’ e-learning styles

and their attitudes and self-efficacy perceptions towards distance education. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science (IJTES), 5(4), 550-570. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijtes.200

Racca, Robelle & Lasaten, Ronald. (2016). English Language Proficiency and

Academic Performance of Philippine Science High School Students. International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics. 2. 44-49. 10.18178/IJLLL.2016.2.2.65.

Richardson, J. T., & Woodley, A. (2003). Another look at the role of age, gender

and subject as predictors of academic attainment in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 28(4), 475–493.

S. Hurd. (2007). Anxiety and non-anxiety in a distance language learning

environment: the distance factor as a modifying influence system, System, Vol. 35, No. 4, 487-508.

Sadiq, Jamilah. (2017). Anxiety in English Language Learning: A Case Study of

English Language Learners in Saudi Arabia. English Language Teaching. 10. 1. 10.5539/elt. v10n7p1.

Sciences & Educational Studies, 4(2), 53

Serquina E. & Batang B. (2018). Demographic, Psychological Factors and

English Proficiency of ESL Students. TESOL International Journal.

Stephanie Glen. "Make a Frequency Chart and Determine Frequency"

From StatisticsHowTo.com: Elementary Statistics for the rest of us! https://www.statisticshowto.com/how-to-make-a-frequency-chart-and-determine-frequency/

Tinsley and Board. (2016). Language Trends: The State of Language Learning

in Primary and Secondary Schools in England, Education Development Trust, Reading, UK, 2016, https://www.britishcouncil.org/sites/default/files/language_trends_survey_2016_0.pdf.

universities in Kurdistan. International Journal of Social

Wang & Zhan. (2020). The Relationship between English language learner

characteristics and online self-regulation: a structural equation modeling approach, Sustainability, Vol.12, 2020, Online available from:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340567014

Work Environments in Kurdistan. International Journal of

Work Environments in Kurdistan. International Journal of

Yelgeç, N. & Dağyar, M. (2020). A structural equation modelling of middle

school students’ metacognitive awareness, self-efficacy beliefs and foreign language learning anxiety. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 7(1), 127-148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33200/ijcer.657172

Z.Zia & M. Safi. (2020). The Impact of Social-Economic-Status on EFL

Learners’ Foreign Language Anxiety in Language Classrooms in Afghanistan. International Journal For Research In Educational Studies. ISSN: 2208-2115

Zhou, J.; Zhang, Q. (2021). A Survey Study on U.S. College Students’ Learning

Experience in COVID-19. Educ. Sci., 11, 248. https://doi.org/10.3390/ educsci11050248

ZIA, Z., & Safi, M. D. . (2020). The Impact of Social-Economic-Status on EFL

Learners’ Foreign Language Anxiety in Language Classrooms in Afghanistan. International Journal For Research In Educational Studies (ISSN: 2208-2115), 6(1), 01–08. Retrieved from https://gnpublication.org/index.php/es/article/view/1191

Downloads

Published

2025-05-29

How to Cite

Ducay, J., Guanzon, R. ., Pepito, N., Sotomil, M., Millendez, T. ., & Malan, M. J. (2025). English Language Learning Anxiety and Self-Efficacy of Learners in Modular Learning. International Multidisciplinary Journal of Research for Innovation, Sustainability, and Excellence (IMJRISE), 2(5), 905-914. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15546814