Challenges and Opportunities in Implementing Inclusive Education in Philippine Elementary Schools

Abstract:

This study examines the landscape of inclusive education in elementary settings in the Philippines, focusing on policy frameworks, teacher preparation, curriculum adaptation, and parent and community involvement. Through a systematic review of existing literature and empirical findings, several key insights emerge. While legislative frameworks support inclusive education, challenges in translating policies into practice persist due to ambiguities and resource constraints. Teacher preparation and professional development are identified as critical factors, with gaps in teacher preparedness hindering effective implementation. Challenges in curriculum adaptation and differentiation further complicate efforts to meet diverse learner needs. Additionally, parent and community involvement play a crucial role in fostering inclusive school environments, but attitudinal barriers and resource constraints pose significant challenges. Collaborative efforts are essential to address these challenges and promote the successful implementation of inclusive practices, ultimately creating environments that support the diverse needs of all students.

Keywords: Inclusive education, elementary education, Philippines, policy frameworks, teacher preparation, curriculum adaptation